Cantar
to sing
Presente
Current actions, habits, and general truths.
| eu | canto | Eu canto no coral da igreja. — I sing in the church choir. |
| você/ele/ela | canta | Ela canta enquanto cozinha. — She sings while she cooks. |
| nós | cantamos | Nós cantamos juntos nas viagens de carro. — We sing together on car trips. |
| eles/elas | cantam | Eles cantam muito bem essa dupla. — That duo sings very well. |
At home, the music never stops. I sing in the shower, without any embarrassment. My mum sings old Elis Regina songs while she irons. We sing happy birthday with all the enthusiasm in the world. The neighbours even sing along through the open window.
Pret. Perfeito
Completed past actions — what happened.
| eu | cantei | Eu cantei no palco pela primeira vez. — I sang on stage for the first time. |
| você/ele/ela | cantou | Ela cantou lindamente no casamento. — She sang beautifully at the wedding. |
| nós | cantamos | Nós cantamos a noite toda no karaokê. — We sang all night at karaoke. |
| eles/elas | cantaram | Eles cantaram em uníssono no final. — They sang in unison at the end. |
The festival was unforgettable. I sang with the band for the first time in front of a thousand people. The lead vocalist sang in a way that gave you goosebumps. We sang four new songs and the crowd went wild. The other artists at the festival sang after us — and they had a lot to live up to.
Pret. Imperfeito
Ongoing or habitual past — what used to happen or was happening.
| eu | cantava | Eu cantava no coral quando era criança. — I used to sing in the choir as a child. |
| você/ele/ela | cantava | Ela cantava para o bebê dormir. — She used to sing to the baby to sleep. |
| nós | cantávamos | Nós cantávamos na missa todo domingo. — We used to sing at Mass every Sunday. |
| eles/elas | cantavam | Eles cantavam serenata nas madrugadas. — They used to sing serenades in the early hours. |
My grandfather was a musician from the interior. He used to sing at forró dances every Saturday. I used to sing quietly alongside him, learning. We used to sing together on long car trips. The other musicians in the band used to sing in harmony — without sheet music, purely by ear.
Futuro Informal
Plans and intentions — "going to." The most common future form in spoken BR Portuguese.
| eu | vou cantar | Vou cantar no show de amanhã. — I'm going to sing at tomorrow's show. |
| você/ele/ela | vai cantar | Ela vai cantar na formatura. — She's going to sing at the graduation. |
| nós | vamos cantar | Vamos cantar parabéns à meia-noite. — We're going to sing happy birthday at midnight. |
| eles/elas | vão cantar | Eles vão cantar no coral da cidade. — They're going to sing in the city choir. |
The surprise party is almost ready. I'm going to sing happy birthday on the guitar as soon as she walks in. Her cousin is going to sing a special song they chose together. We're going to sing in chorus on the chorus — we've rehearsed everything. The friends who arrive later are going to sing again. She'll cry, I'm sure of it.
Futuro Formal
Formal future — "shall/will." More common in writing than speech.
| eu | cantarei | Cantarei enquanto tiver voz. — I will sing for as long as I have a voice. |
| você/ele/ela | cantará | Ela cantará no Teatro Municipal. — She will sing at the Municipal Theatre. |
| nós | cantaremos | Cantaremos o hino na cerimônia. — We will sing the anthem at the ceremony. |
| eles/elas | cantarão | Os coristas cantarão na missa de Natal. — The choir will sing at the Christmas Mass. |
The official programme for the ceremony is set: "The guest soprano will sing the opening anthem. We will sing the final chorus together in tribute to the victims. The conservatory students will sing in the second half. I will personally sing the last song of the repertoire."
Condicional
Hypotheticals and polite requests — "would."
| eu | cantaria | Eu cantaria mais se soubesse afinar. — I would sing more if I could hold a tune. |
| você/ele/ela | cantaria | Ela cantaria no palco, mas tem medo. — She would sing on stage, but she's afraid. |
| nós | cantaríamos | Cantaríamos mais alto com microfone. — We would sing louder with a microphone. |
| eles/elas | cantariam | Eles cantariam melhor com mais ensaio. — They would sing better with more rehearsal. |
In a parallel world, we're all musicians. I would sing MPB in a small bar every Thursday. My friend Paulo would sing sertanejo without any shame. We would sing together in an unlikely duet that no one would expect. People would sing along without needing an invitation.
Cantar across the tenses
A short story using cantar in multiple tenses
Desde pequena, Isabela cantava em todo lugar. Cantava no ônibus, no supermercado, na fila do banco. A mãe pedia para parar. Ela parava por dois minutos.
Hoje tem trinta e dois anos e canta profissionalmente. Ontem à noite cantou para uma plateia de dois mil pessoas no Circo Voador. Cantamos junto no camarote — ela no palco, eu gritando cada letra.
No próximo mês, vai cantar em Buenos Aires pela primeira vez. "Se tudo correr bem, cantarei em toda a América Latina até o fim do ano," ela diz, radiante.
Perguntei se cantaria mesmo que não recebesse por isso. Ela nem pensou: "Cantaria. Já cantei de graça durante anos — e foram os melhores anos da minha vida."
Since she was little, Isabela used to sing everywhere. She used to sing on the bus, in the supermarket, in the bank queue. Her mum would ask her to stop. She'd stop for two minutes. Today she's thirty-two and sings professionally. Last night she sang for an audience of two thousand at Circo Voador. We sang along in the box — her on stage, me screaming every lyric. Next month she's going to sing in Buenos Aires for the first time. "If all goes well, I will sing across all of Latin America by the end of the year," she says, beaming. I asked if she would sing even if she weren't paid. She didn't even think: "I would. I already sang for free for years — and those were the best years of my life."
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