Ganhar
to win / to earn / to gain
Presente
Current actions, habits, and general truths.
| eu | ganho | Eu ganho o suficiente para viver bem. — I earn enough to live well. |
| você/ele/ela | ganha | Ela ganha mais experiência a cada projeto. — She gains more experience with each project. |
| nós | ganhamos | Nós ganhamos quando jogamos juntos. — We win when we play together. |
| eles/elas | ganham | Eles ganham bem mas gastam mais ainda. — They earn well but spend even more. |
I gain more satisfaction from my work than money — and that's a rare privilege. My colleague Ana earns well and still has time for her children. We gain something different with each project — experience, connection, perspective. The best professionals earn more than a salary: they earn respect.
Pret. Perfeito
Completed past actions — what happened.
| eu | ganhei | Eu ganhei o primeiro lugar na competição. — I won first place in the competition. |
| você/ele/ela | ganhou | Ela ganhou um aumento depois de anos esperando. — She got a pay rise after years of waiting. |
| nós | ganhamos | Nós ganhamos o jogo nos pênaltis. — We won the match on penalties. |
| eles/elas | ganharam | Eles ganharam a licitação e assinaram o contrato. — They won the tender and signed the contract. |
The tournament lasted three weeks and was exhausting. I won the semi-final by one point. My partner won the tournament MVP — thoroughly deserved. We won the final in the fifth set, from behind. The opponents earned our admiration — it was a fair match to the very end.
Pret. Imperfeito
Ongoing or habitual past — what used to happen or was happening.
| eu | ganhava | Eu ganhava pouco mas me virava bem. — I used to earn little but managed well. |
| você/ele/ela | ganhava | Ele ganhava cada disputa com um sorriso. — He used to win every argument with a smile. |
| nós | ganhávamos | Nós ganhávamos presentes no Natal da empresa todo ano. — We used to get presents at the company Christmas every year. |
| eles/elas | ganhavam | Eles ganhavam mais do que a média do setor. — They used to earn more than the sector average. |
In the early years of the company, I used to earn less than at my previous job. My partner used to earn the same and didn't complain — that's what made us last. We used to win each new client like a victory. The first generations of the family used to earn little but lived without debt.
Futuro Informal
Plans and intentions — "going to." The most common future form in spoken BR Portuguese.
| eu | vou ganhar | Vou ganhar tempo usando essa ferramenta nova. — I'm going to save time using this new tool. |
| você/ele/ela | vai ganhar | Ela vai ganhar experiência valiosa nessa posição. — She's going to gain valuable experience in that role. |
| nós | vamos ganhar | Vamos ganhar o campeonato esse ano — sinto isso. — We're going to win the championship this year — I feel it. |
| eles/elas | vão ganhar | Eles vão ganhar com a valorização do imóvel. — They're going to gain from the property appreciation. |
The contract is on the table and the negotiation went well. I'm going to save time by leaving earlier today to study the document. My lawyer is going to gain more visibility with this important case. We're going to win or learn — either way, we advance. Both sides are going to gain something from this agreement.
Futuro Formal
Formal future — "shall/will." More common in writing than speech.
| eu | ganharei | Ganharei mais quando o projeto estiver concluído. — I will earn more when the project is completed. |
| você/ele/ela | ganhará | O vencedor ganhará um prêmio de dez mil reais. — The winner will receive a prize of ten thousand reais. |
| nós | ganharemos | Ganharemos eficiência com o novo processo. — We will gain efficiency with the new process. |
| eles/elas | ganharão | Os atletas ganharão medalhas conforme o desempenho. — The athletes will earn medals according to their performance. |
The communiqué was direct: "The company will gain competitive advantage with the new product. We will gain market share over the next twelve months. Franchisees will earn more with the new commission model. I will gain time to innovate by delegating part of operations."
Condicional
Hypotheticals and polite requests — "would."
| eu | ganharia | Eu ganharia mais em outro lugar, mas prefiro ficar aqui. — I would earn more elsewhere, but I prefer to stay here. |
| você/ele/ela | ganharia | Ela ganharia mais confiança com prática. — She would gain more confidence with practice. |
| nós | ganharíamos | Ganharíamos o jogo se todos jogassem como um time. — We would win the match if everyone played as a team. |
| eles/elas | ganhariam | Eles ganhariam mais com uma estratégia melhor. — They would earn more with a better strategy. |
If talent were all that mattered, I would earn more. My pianist friend would earn a living with music if the market were fairer. We would all gain if meritocracy were real — but it's not just about talent. The most honest people would earn more in a better-calibrated world.
Ganhar across the tenses
A short story using ganhar in multiple tenses
Meu pai ganhava pouco quando chegou à cidade com a família. Ganhava o bastante para o mês e guardava o que podia. Os irmãos ganhavam junto — cada um numa frente diferente, mas o dinheiro entrava na mesma panela.
Hoje ele ganha bem e ainda acha que ganha pouco — é feitio. Ontem ganhou um elogio do chefe e ficou mais satisfeito do que qualquer bônus. Ganhamos juntos no carteado depois do jantar e foi a melhor parte da noite.
No ano que vem, ele vai ganhar mais com a aposentadoria chegando. "Se tudo correr bem, ganharei o que mereço no fim," ele diz, tranquilo.
Perguntei o que ganharia se pudesse escolher qualquer recompensa. Ele respondeu sem hesitar: "Ganharia mais saúde. É o único prêmio que não tem preço."
My dad used to earn little when he arrived in the city with the family. He used to earn just enough for the month and save what he could. The siblings used to earn together — each on a different front, but the money went into the same pot. Today he earns well and still thinks he earns little — it's his nature. Yesterday he earned a compliment from his boss and was more satisfied than any bonus. We won together at cards after dinner and it was the best part of the night. Next year, he's going to earn more with retirement approaching. "If all goes well, I will earn what I deserve in the end," he says, calmly. I asked what he would earn if he could choose any reward. He answered without hesitation: "I would earn more health. It's the only prize that has no price."
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