Esperar
to wait / to hope / to expect
Presente
Current actions, habits, and general truths.
| eu | espero | Eu espero o ônibus todo dia por vinte minutos. — I wait for the bus every day for twenty minutes. |
| você/ele/ela | espera | Ela espera uma resposta há uma semana. — She has been waiting for an answer for a week. |
| nós | esperamos | Nós esperamos o melhor, mas nos preparamos para o pior. — We hope for the best but prepare for the worst. |
| eles/elas | esperam | Eles esperam uma promoção há meses. — They have been expecting a promotion for months. |
Waiting is part of city life. I wait in the bank queue every Thursday — and use the time to read. My mum waits for the children to call every Sunday, but doesn't demand it. We hope for better days without stopping acting. Seeds wait for the rain — and it always comes.
Pret. Perfeito
Completed past actions — what happened.
| eu | esperei | Eu esperei duas horas na fila do consulado. — I waited two hours in the consulate queue. |
| você/ele/ela | esperou | Ela esperou por ele durante anos. — She waited for him for years. |
| nós | esperamos | Nós esperamos na chuva até o show começar. — We waited in the rain until the show started. |
| eles/elas | esperaram | Eles esperaram o resultado com ansiedade. — They waited for the result anxiously. |
The day the civil service exam result came out was intense. I waited in front of the computer for hours. My friend Helena waited beside me, keeping me company without saying a word. We waited together until the website opened — and the name was there. The other candidates who also waited deserve respect — every journey is unique.
Pret. Imperfeito
Ongoing or habitual past — what used to happen or was happening.
| eu | esperava | Eu esperava o pai chegar antes de dormir. — I used to wait for my dad to arrive before sleeping. |
| você/ele/ela | esperava | Ela esperava cartas da família toda semana. — She used to wait for letters from family every week. |
| nós | esperávamos | Nós esperávamos o verão como quem espera um milagre. — We used to wait for summer like waiting for a miracle. |
| eles/elas | esperavam | Eles esperavam na porta da escola na chuva. — They used to wait at the school gate in the rain. |
Before mobile phones, waiting had a different texture. I used to wait for the phone to ring with that pleasant anxiety. My mum used to wait for my dad to arrive and would reheat dinner every ten minutes. We used to wait for letters from the cousin who lived far away as if they were treasures. Young people back then used to wait more — and perhaps valued more what arrived.
Futuro Informal
Plans and intentions — "going to." The most common future form in spoken BR Portuguese.
| eu | vou esperar | Vou esperar ela na saída do metrô. — I'm going to wait for her at the metro exit. |
| você/ele/ela | vai esperar | Ele vai esperar o momento certo para falar. — He's going to wait for the right moment to talk. |
| nós | vamos esperar | Vamos esperar o resultado antes de comemorar. — We're going to wait for the result before celebrating. |
| eles/elas | vão esperar | Eles vão esperar o prazo acabar para decidir. — They're going to wait for the deadline before deciding. |
The surgery is scheduled for Friday. I'm going to wait in the hospital corridor with the family. My sister is going to wait outside with the coffee and the patience we don't have. We're going to wait together, without phones in hand, just presence. The doctors are going to wait for him to stabilise before giving any news.
Futuro Formal
Formal future — "shall/will." More common in writing than speech.
| eu | esperarei | Esperarei sua confirmação por escrito. — I will wait for your written confirmation. |
| você/ele/ela | esperará | O pacote esperará até você retirar. — The package will wait until you collect it. |
| nós | esperaremos | Esperaremos a aprovação da diretoria. — We will wait for the board's approval. |
| eles/elas | esperarão | Os parceiros esperarão até o final do mês. — The partners will wait until the end of the month. |
The company's official note was sent: "The proposal will wait for legal validation before being signed. We will wait for the response from all shareholders involved. The legal teams will wait for the technical report before issuing an opinion. I will personally wait for the conclusion of the process before communicating any result."
Condicional
Hypotheticals and polite requests — "would."
| eu | esperaria | Eu esperaria o tempo que fosse necessário. — I would wait as long as necessary. |
| você/ele/ela | esperaria | Ela esperaria mais se soubesse que valeria a pena. — She would wait longer if she knew it would be worth it. |
| nós | esperaríamos | Esperaríamos com mais calma se tivéssemos informação. — We would wait more calmly if we had information. |
| eles/elas | esperariam | Eles esperariam mais se a fila andasse. — They would wait longer if the queue were moving. |
If patience were taught in schools, the world would be different. I would wait my turn without anxiety. My husband would wait for the traffic to clear without swearing at anyone. We would wait for results with serenity, knowing we'd already done what was in our hands. People would wait more for one another — and that alone would change everything.
Esperar across the tenses
A short story using esperar in multiple tenses
Minha mãe esperava os filhos chegarem antes de dormir. Esperava com a luz acesa e uma chaleira pronta. Os gatos também esperavam — na janela, olhando a rua.
Hoje somos adultos e ela ainda espera. Ontem esperou minha irmã chegar de viagem até a meia-noite. Esperamos juntas no aeroporto, tomando café ruim e contando piada.
No próximo mês, vai esperar o neto nascer — a primeira da família. "Se precisar, esperarei o tempo que for," ela disse, segurando a mão da minha irmã.
Perguntei se esperaria sempre, sem cansar. Ela sorriu: "Esperaria. Quem ama espera — não porque não tem escolha, mas porque quer."
My mum used to wait for the children to come home before sleeping. She used to wait with the light on and a kettle ready. The cats used to wait too — at the window, watching the street. Today we're adults and she still waits. Yesterday she waited for my sister to arrive from a trip until midnight. We waited together at the airport, drinking bad coffee and telling jokes. Next month, she's going to wait for the grandchild to be born — the first in the family. "If I need to, I will wait however long it takes," she said, holding my sister's hand. I asked if she would always wait, without tiring. She smiled: "I would. Whoever loves waits — not because they have no choice, but because they want to."
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