Explicar
to explain
Presente
Current actions, habits, and general truths.
| eu | explico | Eu explico a matéria com exemplos práticos. — I explain the subject with practical examples. |
| você/ele/ela | explica | Ela explica tudo com muita paciência. — She explains everything with great patience. |
| nós | explicamos | Nós explicamos o processo passo a passo. — We explain the process step by step. |
| eles/elas | explicam | Eles explicam mal e os alunos ficam confusos. — They explain poorly and the students get confused. |
Teaching well is an art. I explain with analogies — it always works better than dry definitions. My favourite teacher explains as if she's telling a story. We explain to each other when the class leaves doubts — the group learns together. The best teachers explain until even the most lost student understands — and don't charge extra for it.
Pret. Perfeito
Completed past actions — what happened.
| eu | expliquei | Eu expliquei a situação com calma. — I explained the situation calmly. |
| você/ele/ela | explicou | Ela explicou o motivo da ausência. — She explained the reason for her absence. |
| nós | explicamos | Nós explicamos o projeto aos investidores. — We explained the project to the investors. |
| eles/elas | explicaram | Eles explicaram tudo em detalhes. — They explained everything in detail. |
The presentation was an unlikely success. I explained the concept using an everyday example — the audience lit up. The lead researcher explained the data with surgical clarity. We explained the limitations of the study without hiding anything — and that generated more credibility. The journalists present explained it afterwards to the general public, and did it well.
Pret. Imperfeito
Ongoing or habitual past — what used to happen or was happening.
| eu | explicava | Eu explicava a matéria para os colegas antes das provas. — I used to explain the subject to classmates before exams. |
| você/ele/ela | explicava | Ele explicava tudo três vezes sem reclamar. — He used to explain everything three times without complaining. |
| nós | explicávamos | Nós explicávamos as regras do jogo para os novos. — We used to explain the rules of the game to newcomers. |
| eles/elas | explicavam | Eles explicavam mal e a gente fingia entender. — They used to explain poorly and we'd pretend to understand. |
My dad never left a question unanswered. He used to explain the world like someone opening a window. I used to explain to my younger brother what I didn't understand — and learned it twice. We used to explain the games to new children in the neighbourhood with a comic seriousness. The old teachers used to explain less and demand more — but when they explained, it stuck.
Futuro Informal
Plans and intentions — "going to." The most common future form in spoken BR Portuguese.
| eu | vou explicar | Vou explicar tudo quando chegar em casa. — I'm going to explain everything when I get home. |
| você/ele/ela | vai explicar | Ela vai explicar o procedimento antes da cirurgia. — She's going to explain the procedure before the surgery. |
| nós | vamos explicar | Vamos explicar o projeto na reunião de terça. — We're going to explain the project at Tuesday's meeting. |
| eles/elas | vão explicar | Eles vão explicar as mudanças para a equipe. — They're going to explain the changes to the team. |
The situation was poorly explained and needs fixing. I'm going to explain personally to each affected person. My business partner is going to explain the technical side with the charts she prepared. We're going to explain together, in two sessions, to leave time for questions. The newer employees are going to explain to their teams in a cascade — that's the plan.
Futuro Formal
Formal future — "shall/will." More common in writing than speech.
| eu | explicarei | Explicarei minha posição em detalhes amanhã. — I will explain my position in detail tomorrow. |
| você/ele/ela | explicará | O ministro explicará as medidas à imprensa. — The minister will explain the measures to the press. |
| nós | explicaremos | Explicaremos os critérios de avaliação com antecedência. — We will explain the assessment criteria in advance. |
| eles/elas | explicarão | Os técnicos explicarão o funcionamento do sistema. — The technicians will explain how the system works. |
The communiqué was distributed: "The board will explain the structural changes at an open meeting next Thursday. We will explain each decision with transparency and concrete data. The area leaders will explain the specific impacts to their teams. I will personally explain the reasons that led me to this decision."
Condicional
Hypotheticals and polite requests — "would."
| eu | explicaria | Eu explicaria melhor se tivesse mais tempo. — I would explain better if I had more time. |
| você/ele/ela | explicaria | Ela explicaria com exemplos se soubesse o nível da turma. — She would explain with examples if she knew the group's level. |
| nós | explicaríamos | Explicaríamos antes se soubéssemos que havia dúvida. — We would have explained sooner if we'd known there was doubt. |
| eles/elas | explicariam | Eles explicariam melhor com mais recursos didáticos. — They would explain better with more teaching resources. |
If communication were a compulsory subject, the world would work better. I would explain complex ideas without unnecessary jargon. My boss would explain decisions before implementing them — and the team would buy in more. We would explain to each other with more generosity. Politicians would explain laws in plain language — and democracy would be grateful.
Explicar across the tenses
A short story using explicar in multiple tenses
Minha professora de física explicava o universo como se fosse algo íntimo. Explicava a gravidade com uma laranja e um elástico. Os alunos mais difíceis da turma explicavam depois uns para os outros, e algo se transformava.
Hoje ela é diretora de escola, mas ainda explica. Ontem explicou para os pais o novo currículo sem usar uma sigla sequer. Explicamos juntas o projeto de ciências para a turma do quinto ano — ela com paciência, eu tentando acompanhar.
No próximo semestre, vai explicar para os professores novos como criar vínculos com alunos difíceis. "Se conseguir, explicarei isso sem PowerPoint — só com história," ela diz, confiante.
Perguntei se explicaria diferente se voltasse à sala de aula. Ela pensou: "Explicaria menos e perguntaria mais. A melhor explicação é a que nasce da curiosidade de quem ouve."
My physics teacher used to explain the universe as if it were something intimate. She used to explain gravity with an orange and an elastic band. The hardest students in the class used to explain it to each other afterwards, and something transformed. Today she's a school director, but still explains. Yesterday she explained the new curriculum to the parents without using a single acronym. We explained the science project together to the fifth-year class — her with patience, me trying to keep up. Next semester, she's going to explain to new teachers how to build connections with difficult students. "If I can, I will explain it without a PowerPoint — just with story," she says, confidently. I asked if she would explain differently if she went back to the classroom. She thought: "I would explain less and ask more. The best explanation is the one born from the curiosity of whoever is listening."
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