Pensar
to think
Presente
Current actions, habits, and general truths.
| eu | penso | Eu penso muito antes de falar — às vezes tarde demais. — I think a lot before speaking — sometimes too late. |
| você/ele/ela | pensa | Ela pensa diferente de todo mundo e isso a torna especial. — She thinks differently from everyone and that makes her special. |
| nós | pensamos | Nós pensamos junto e chegamos a lugares que sozinhos não chegaríamos. — We think together and reach places we wouldn't alone. |
| eles/elas | pensam | Eles pensam bem a longo prazo — é uma habilidade rara. — They think well long-term — it's a rare skill. |
I overthink at three in the morning — that's when my brain decides to work. My philosopher friend thinks out loud and builds the argument in conversation. We think differently about almost everything and still understand each other. Thinking together produces more than thinking alone.
Pret. Perfeito
Completed past actions — what happened.
| eu | pensei | Eu pensei duas vezes antes de aceitar a proposta. — I thought twice before accepting the proposal. |
| você/ele/ela | pensou | Ela pensou alto e a ideia ficou no ar para todos. — She thought out loud and the idea stayed in the air for everyone. |
| nós | pensamos | Nós pensamos no problema a noite toda e acordamos com a solução. — We thought about the problem all night and woke with the solution. |
| eles/elas | pensaram | Eles pensaram bem antes de mudar de estratégia. — They thought carefully before changing strategy. |
The meeting was a test of patience. I thought before responding to the provocation. My partner thought out loud and the whole room followed the reasoning. We thought of a solution neither of us had alone. Those who thought differently gave us the best insights.
Pret. Imperfeito
Ongoing or habitual past — what used to happen or was happening.
| eu | pensava | Eu pensava que sabia tudo aos vinte anos. — I used to think I knew everything at twenty. |
| você/ele/ela | pensava | Ela pensava que a vida seria mais simples do que é. — She used to think life would be simpler than it is. |
| nós | pensávamos | Nós pensávamos igual antes de ver o mundo cada um do seu jeito. — We used to think alike before each seeing the world our own way. |
| eles/elas | pensavam | Eles pensavam em voz alta nas reuniões. — They used to think out loud in meetings. |
At twenty, I used to think the world was simpler. I used to think answers came with studying. My favourite teacher used to think publicly and taught us to do the same. We used to think we knew more than we did — it's the privilege of youth.
Futuro Informal
Plans and intentions — "going to." The most common future form in spoken BR Portuguese.
| eu | vou pensar | Vou pensar bem antes de dar uma resposta definitiva. — I'm going to think carefully before giving a definitive answer. |
| você/ele/ela | vai pensar | Ela vai pensar nisso durante a semana. — She's going to think about it during the week. |
| nós | vamos pensar | Vamos pensar juntos numa solução criativa. — We're going to think together on a creative solution. |
| eles/elas | vão pensar | Eles vão pensar que somos loucos — e vão estar certos. — They're going to think we're mad — and they'll be right. |
The decision needs to be made this week. I'm going to think calmly at the weekend. My partner is going to think about the numbers. We're going to think together on Monday. Those involved are going to think we took too long — but we prefer to get it right.
Futuro Formal
Formal future — "shall/will." More common in writing than speech.
| eu | pensarei | Pensarei nessa questão com profundidade antes de responder. — I will think about this question deeply before responding. |
| você/ele/ela | pensará | Ela pensará bem ao tomar qualquer decisão importante. — She will think carefully before making any important decision. |
| nós | pensaremos | Pensaremos nas implicações antes de avançar. — We will think about the implications before moving forward. |
| eles/elas | pensarão | Os pesquisadores pensarão em novas abordagens. — The researchers will think of new approaches. |
The communiqué was precise: The board will think about the long-term implications before approving. We will think of viable alternatives. The committees will think of sector-specific solutions. I will think about the ethical questions before the next session.
Condicional
Hypotheticals and polite requests — "would."
| eu | pensaria | Eu pensaria melhor com mais tempo e menos pressão. — I would think better with more time and less pressure. |
| você/ele/ela | pensaria | Ela pensaria diferente com mais informação. — She would think differently with more information. |
| nós | pensaríamos | Pensaríamos com mais clareza sem o cansaço acumulado. — We would think more clearly without accumulated tiredness. |
| eles/elas | pensariam | Eles pensariam de forma mais criativa num ambiente de confiança. — They would think more creatively in an environment of trust. |
If there were more silence, I would think better. My writer friend would think more deeply if he didn't work so much. We would think more carefully if the pace were slower. Collective decisions would be better if everyone thought before speaking.
Pensar across the tenses
A short story using pensar in multiple tenses
Meu avô pensava devagar e falava ainda mais devagar. Pensava com o corpo todo — mão no queixo, olhos no horizonte. Nós pensávamos que ele estava distraído; era o contrário.
Hoje eu penso nele quando preciso de calma. Ontem pensei num problema antigo e vi uma saída nova. Pensamos às vezes em soluções quando paramos de procurá-las.
No próximo retiro, vou pensar sem agenda. Se conseguir, pensarei com menos medo do que encontrar.
Perguntei a ele em que pensaria se pudesse parar o tempo. Ele olhou para mim: Pensaria em nada. Só sentiria. Pensar demais cansa. Sentir descansa.
My grandfather used to think slowly and speak even more slowly. He used to think with his whole body — hand on chin, eyes on the horizon. We used to think he was distracted; it was the opposite. Today I think of him when I need calm. Yesterday I thought about an old problem and saw a new way out. We sometimes think of solutions when we stop looking for them. At the next retreat, I'm going to think without an agenda. If I can, I will think with less fear of what I'll find. I asked him what he would think about if he could stop time. He looked at me: I would think about nothing. Just feel. Thinking too much tires you. Feeling rests you.
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